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關于推進環境監測服務社會化的指導意見

　　各省(sheng)、自治區、直轄市環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)廳(局)，新疆生產建(jian)設兵(bing)團環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)局，解放軍環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)局，遼河(he)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區管理局：

　　為全面(mian)深化生(sheng)態文明體制改革，根(gen)據《環境(jing)(jing)保護法(fa)》和國務(wu)院(yuan)辦公廳《關于政府向社(she)(she)會力量購買服(fu)務(wu)的指(zhi)導意(yi)見》(國辦發〔2013〕96號)精神，引導社(she)(she)會力量廣(guang)泛(fan)參與環境(jing)(jing)監測，規(gui)范社(she)(she)會環境(jing)(jing)監測機構行為，促進環境(jing)(jing)監測服(fu)務(wu)社(she)(she)會化良(liang)性發展，現(xian)提(ti)出以下(xia)意(yi)見：

　　一、充分認識推進環境監測服務社會(hui)化的重(zhong)要意(yi)義

　　(一(yi))環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)化(hua)(hua)是(shi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)體制(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)改革創新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)內容(rong)。長期以來(lai)，我國實行的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)由政府有關部門所屬(shu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構為(wei)主開展監(jian)測(ce)(ce)活(huo)動的(de)(de)(de)單一(yi)管(guan)理體制(zhi)(zhi)。在環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)領域日益擴大、環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)任(ren)務(wu)快速增(zeng)加(jia)和(he)(he)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)管(guan)理要(yao)(yao)求不斷(duan)提高的(de)(de)(de)情況下，推進(jin)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)化(hua)(hua)已迫在眉睫。一(yi)些地方已經開展了(le)實踐探索，出臺了(le)相應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理辦法，許多社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構已經進(jin)入環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)市(shi)場(chang)。環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)化(hua)(hua)既是(shi)加(jia)快政府環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)職能(neng)轉變、提高公共(gong)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)質量(liang)和(he)(he)效率的(de)(de)(de)必然要(yao)(yao)求，也(ye)是(shi)理順環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)體制(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)、探索環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)新(xin)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)現實需要(yao)(yao)。引導(dao)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構進(jin)入環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)主戰場(chang)，提升政府購買社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)水平，有利于(yu)整合社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)資源，激發(fa)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構活(huo)力(li)，形成環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)系統環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構和(he)(he)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構共(gong)同發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)新(xin)格局。

　　二、指導(dao)思(si)想與基本(ben)原則

　　(二)指導思想。以黨的(de)十(shi)八(ba)大(da)和十(shi)八(ba)屆(jie)三中、四(si)中全(quan)會(hui)精神(shen)為指導，強(qiang)化政(zheng)府(fu)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)公共服(fu)務職能(neng)，加快轉變環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)職能(neng)，推進政(zheng)事分開(kai)和政(zheng)社(she)分開(kai)，鼓勵引導社(she)會(hui)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)力量廣泛參與，創新環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)公共服(fu)務供給模式，強(qiang)化環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)事中事后監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管，形(xing)成以環(huan)保(bao)系統(tong)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)機構為骨干、社(she)會(hui)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)力量共同參與的(de)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)管理新體制(zhi)。

　　(三)基本(ben)原則

　　——積(ji)極引導(dao)。堅(jian)持從實際出發，放寬準入條件，充分發揮政(zheng)府的主導(dao)作(zuo)用和市場在資(zi)源配置中(zhong)的決定性作(zuo)用，激勵社會環境監(jian)測(ce)(ce)機構提供監(jian)測(ce)(ce)服務(wu)供給。

　　——加快培(pei)(pei)育(yu)。積(ji)極培(pei)(pei)育(yu)環境監測(ce)服務市場，營(ying)造公(gong)平競爭的市場環境，有序放開環境監測(ce)服務業(ye)務領域，推動環境監測(ce)服務社會化工作(zuo)穩步開展。

　　——規(gui)(gui)范(fan)管理(li)。建立完(wan)善環(huan)境(jing)監測服務(wu)社會(hui)化管理(li)規(gui)(gui)章制度(du)，約束環(huan)境(jing)監測服務(wu)行為，促進(jin)社會(hui)環(huan)境(jing)監測機構不斷提高環(huan)境(jing)監測質量和管理(li)水(shui)平。

　　——依(yi)法監(jian)督。強化環(huan)(huan)境監(jian)測(ce)行為的事中、事后監(jian)管(guan)，實施對社會環(huan)(huan)境監(jian)測(ce)機(ji)構及其監(jian)測(ce)服務行為的監(jian)督管(guan)理，建立(li)正常(chang)的退(tui)出機(ji)制(zhi)，維護環(huan)(huan)境監(jian)測(ce)服務市場的正常(chang)秩序。

　　三、開放環境(jing)監測服(fu)務市場(chang)

　　(四)全面(mian)放開(kai)服務(wu)性監(jian)測(ce)市場。凡適(shi)合(he)社會力量承擔的服務(wu)性環(huan)(huan)境監(jian)測(ce)業務(wu)，要創(chuang)造條件，全面(mian)放開(kai)。鼓勵(li)社會環(huan)(huan)境監(jian)測(ce)機構參與排(pai)污單位污染源自行監(jian)測(ce)、環(huan)(huan)境損害評估監(jian)測(ce)、環(huan)(huan)境影響評價現狀監(jian)測(ce)、清潔生產(chan)審核、企事業單位自主調查等環(huan)(huan)境監(jian)測(ce)活動(dong)，推進環(huan)(huan)境監(jian)測(ce)服務(wu)主體(ti)多元化和服務(wu)方式多樣化。

　　(五(wu))有序放開公(gong)益性(xing)、監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)性(xing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)領域。各級環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)保護行政(zheng)主管(guan)部門(men)所(suo)屬環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)機(ji)構應(ying)認真做(zuo)好所(suo)承擔的(de)政(zheng)府監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)職能，包(bao)括環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)質量(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)、預報預警、跨境(jing)水體監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)、履約監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)、污染源(yuan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)性(xing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)、突發環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)事件應(ying)急監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)，以及環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)執法、環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)質量(liang)目(mu)標責(ze)任考核(he)、排污費征收、總(zong)量(liang)核(he)算等(deng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)中的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)工(gong)作。同時，可(ke)以根據財政(zheng)部、民(min)政(zheng)部和工(gong)商總(zong)局關于政(zheng)府購(gou)買服務的(de)總(zong)體要求，將社(she)會環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)機(ji)構能夠承擔，又不影響(xiang)公(gong)平公(gong)正原則的(de)相(xiang)關業務，積極(ji)穩(wen)妥、因地(di)制宜地(di)向社(she)會環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)機(ji)構有序放開，包(bao)括環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)質量(liang)自動監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)站(zhan)和污染源(yuan)自動監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)設施的(de)運行維護、固體廢物(wu)和危險廢物(wu)鑒別等(deng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(檢)測(ce)(ce)業務。

　　四(si)、扶(fu)持和規范社會環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測機(ji)構發展

　　(六)轉變管理(li)方式。凡適合社(she)會力量(liang)承(cheng)擔的，環境保(bao)護(hu)行政主管部門均可(ke)依據本(ben)行政區(qu)實際，選(xuan)擇采取委(wei)托(tuo)、承(cheng)包(bao)、采購、名(ming)錄管理(li)等方式交由社(she)會力量(liang)承(cheng)擔。同(tong)時，要加強對(dui)社(she)會環境監(jian)測機構(gou)事中和事后監(jian)管，會同(tong)相關部門共(gong)同(tong)出臺相關管理(li)政策和辦法，推動(dong)環境監(jian)測服務社(she)會化工(gong)作的制(zhi)度化、體(ti)系化、規范化。

　　(七)扶(fu)持(chi)行(xing)業(ye)發展(zhan)。要(yao)充分發揮環(huan)境監測(ce)(ce)行(xing)業(ye)協會或第三(san)方(fang)機構(gou)的作用，強化社(she)會環(huan)境監測(ce)(ce)機構(gou)的行(xing)業(ye)管理，簽訂(ding)質量保(bao)證承諾，推動行(xing)業(ye)自(zi)律(lv)。組(zu)織開展(zhan)社(she)會環(huan)境監測(ce)(ce)技術人員業(ye)務培(pei)訓、業(ye)務比(bi)武，評(ping)估社(she)會環(huan)境監測(ce)(ce)機構(gou)的業(ye)務水平，促進環(huan)境監測(ce)(ce)服務行(xing)業(ye)水平的不斷(duan)提升。

　　(八)加強誠(cheng)信(xin)建(jian)(jian)設。社會環境監測機構應對(dui)所提供(gong)監測數(shu)據的真實性和準確性負責，建(jian)(jian)立健(jian)全質量(liang)保(bao)證和質量(liang)控制體系，嚴格執行國家和地方的法(fa)律法(fa)規、標準和技術規范(fan)，規范(fan)環境監測行為(wei)。加強技術人員(yuan)培訓，鼓勵(li)監測技術人員(yuan)積極(ji)參加省級及以上環境保(bao)護行政主管(guan)部門(men)認可的業務培訓。主動公開信(xin)息，自覺接受社會公眾和環保(bao)部門(men)監督，提高誠(cheng)信(xin)意(yi)識和服務水平。

　　五(wu)、依法監(jian)督(du)環境監(jian)測(ce)服務行為

　　(九)完(wan)善監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)。省級環境(jing)保護行政(zheng)主管部門應完(wan)善日常監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督檢查機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)，加強(qiang)過程監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管和(he)(he)信息(xi)公(gong)開，定期和(he)(he)不定期地檢查社(she)(she)會環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)質量，公(gong)布社(she)(she)會環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)概況和(he)(he)環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)服務行為監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督檢查結果，建立公(gong)示(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)度和(he)(he)退出機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)。完(wan)善社(she)(she)會環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)服務機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)信用(yong)記錄(lu)，社(she)(she)會環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)及其法定代表(biao)人在(zai)環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)服務活動(dong)中存在(zai)不規范監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)行為的(de)(de)，環境(jing)保護行政(zheng)主管部門應將相應機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)、法人、監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)技術人員的(de)(de)違法信息(xi)記入社(she)(she)會誠信檔案(an)，并及時向(xiang)社(she)(she)會公(gong)布。

　　(十)強化責任(ren)追(zhui)究(jiu)。社會環(huan)(huan)境監(jian)(jian)測機構在有(you)(you)關(guan)環(huan)(huan)境服務活動中(zhong)弄虛作假，對(dui)(dui)造成的環(huan)(huan)境污染(ran)和生態(tai)破壞負有(you)(you)責任(ren)的，除依照有(you)(you)關(guan)法律法規規定予(yu)以處罰外(wai)，還應當與(yu)造成環(huan)(huan)境污染(ran)和生態(tai)破壞的其他責任(ren)者承擔連帶責任(ren)。對(dui)(dui)不符合監(jian)(jian)測規范、監(jian)(jian)測結果有(you)(you)誤的，給予(yu)通(tong)報(bao)批評，限期整改;對(dui)(dui)于存在弄虛作假行(xing)為的或篡改偽造監(jian)(jian)測數據(ju)的，依法予(yu)以處罰，并列入(ru)黑(hei)名(ming)單，抄送質量技(ji)術(shu)監(jian)(jian)督主管部門;構成犯罪(zui)的，依法追(zhui)究(jiu)刑(xing)事責任(ren)。

　　環境保護部

　　2015年(nian)2月5日

　　抄送(song)：國務院辦公廳，環(huan)境保護部機關各部門、相關直屬單位。

　　環境保護部(bu)辦(ban)公廳2015年2月5日(ri)印發