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發(fa)布時間:2012-02-18
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我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源總(zong)(zong)(zong)量(liang)為(wei)2.8萬(wan)億(yi)(yi)立(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米。其中地(di)(di)表水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)2.7萬(wan)億(yi)(yi)立(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米,地(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)0.83萬(wan)億(yi)(yi)立(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源總(zong)(zong)(zong)量(liang)居(ju)世界第六(liu)位(wei),人(ren)均占有量(liang)為(wei)2240立(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米,在世界銀行連續統計的(de)(de)(de)153個(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家中居(ju)第88位(wei)。我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源現(xian)狀(zhuang)存在總(zong)(zong)(zong)量(liang)緊(jin)缺、人(ren)均占有量(liang)低、地(di)(di)區分布不(bu)均、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)土資源不(bu)相匹配、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)體污(wu)染(ran)日益加重(zhong)(zhong)、城市缺水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)情況凸顯(xian)等(deng)問題(ti)(ti)。城鎮(zhen)化步伐的(de)(de)(de)加快和(he)(he)區域(yu)經濟的(de)(de)(de)發展,加重(zhong)(zhong)了局部水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源的(de)(de)(de)負荷,也(ye)加劇了城市地(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)污(wu)染(ran),很(hen)多城市的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)均出現(xian)了水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質富營(ying)養化、鐵錳超(chao)標(biao)等(deng)問題(ti)(ti)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)污(wu)染(ran)問題(ti)(ti)已經成為(wei)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)經濟社會(hui)發展的(de)(de)(de)最(zui)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)制約因素之一,已經引(yin)起(qi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家和(he)(he)地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)政(zheng)府的(de)(de)(de)高度重(zhong)(zhong)視(shi)。“十(shi)一五(wu)”期(qi)間,我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)確定了單位(wei)GDP能耗(hao)每年減(jian)(jian)(jian)少(shao)4%,5年減(jian)(jian)(jian)少(shao)20%的(de)(de)(de)目標(biao);主(zhu)要(yao)污(wu)染(ran)物排放,包(bao)括二(er)氧化硫、化學需氧量(liang)總(zong)(zong)(zong)量(liang)5年內要(yao)減(jian)(jian)(jian)少(shao)10%的(de)(de)(de)減(jian)(jian)(jian)排目標(biao)。在水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)體污(wu)染(ran)防治工作(zuo)中,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質監(jian)測(ce)(ce)工作(zuo)是(shi)污(wu)染(ran)預警、持續性(xing)污(wu)染(ran)物監(jian)測(ce)(ce)和(he)(he)治理(li)效(xiao)果評定的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)手段(duan),已受到(dao)有關部門的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)視(shi)。作(zuo)為(wei)連續性(xing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)工具的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質在線監(jian)測(ce)(ce)儀器(qi)承擔(dan)著提供準確監(jian)測(ce)(ce)數據(ju)和(he)(he)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)報告(gao)的(de)(de)(de)責任,在環境監(jian)測(ce)(ce)工作(zuo)中發揮著越來越重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用。
一、 行業發展概況
傳統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)工(gong)作(zuo)主(zhu)要(yao)以人工(gong)現場采樣、實驗(yan)室儀器(qi)分(fen)(fen)析為(wei)主(zhu)。雖然(ran)在(zai)實驗(yan)室中分(fen)(fen)析手(shou)段(duan)完備,但實驗(yan)室監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)存在(zai)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)頻(pin)次低、采樣誤(wu)差大、監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)數(shu)(shu)據分(fen)(fen)散、不能(neng)(neng)及時(shi)反映(ying)污(wu)染變(bian)化(hua)狀(zhuang)況等缺陷,難以滿足政府(fu)和(he)(he)(he)企業(ye)進行(xing)有(you)效水(shui)(shui)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境管理的(de)(de)(de)(de)需求(qiu)。從國外環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)趨勢和(he)(he)(he)國際先(xian)進經(jing)(jing)驗(yan)看,水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)在(zai)線自動(dong)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)已(yi)經(jing)(jing)成為(wei)有(you)關(guan)部(bu)(bu)門及時(shi)獲(huo)得(de)連續性的(de)(de)(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)數(shu)(shu)據的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)效手(shou)段(duan)。只需經(jing)(jing)過幾分(fen)(fen)鐘的(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)據采集(ji)(ji),水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)地的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)信息就可(ke)發(fa)(fa)送到環(huan)(huan)(huan)境分(fen)(fen)析中心的(de)(de)(de)(de)服務器(qi)中。一旦(dan)觀察到有(you)某種污(wu)染物的(de)(de)(de)(de)濃度發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)異變(bian),環(huan)(huan)(huan)境監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管部(bu)(bu)門就可(ke)以立刻采取相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)措施(shi),取樣具體(ti)分(fen)(fen)析。可(ke)見,水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)在(zai)線分(fen)(fen)析系統(tong)最大的(de)(de)(de)(de)優勢便在(zai)于可(ke)快(kuai)速而準確地獲(huo)得(de)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)數(shu)(shu)據。自動(dong)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用,有(you)助于環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)部(bu)(bu)門建立大范(fan)圍(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)網絡(luo)收(shou)集(ji)(ji)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)數(shu)(shu)據,以確定目標區域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)染狀(zhuang)況和(he)(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)趨勢。隨著監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)技術(shu)和(he)(he)(he)儀器(qi)儀表(biao)工(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan),環(huan)(huan)(huan)境水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)工(gong)作(zuo)更開始向自動(dong)化(hua)、智能(neng)(neng)化(hua)和(he)(he)(he)網絡(luo)化(hua)為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)方(fang)向發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。
縱觀我(wo)國的環(huan)(huan)境(jing)水質在線監測(ce)體系建設,經過多年發展,已初步建成具有我(wo)國特色的環(huan)(huan)境(jing)連(lian)續自動(dong)監測(ce)管理和技術體系,并已逐漸形(xing)成網絡。
二、 發展規劃要求及行業監管體制
(一)規劃要求
《中華人民共和(he)(he)國(guo)國(guo)民經濟和(he)(he)社會發(fa)展第十(shi)一(yi)個五(wu)(wu)年(nian)(nian)規(gui)劃(hua)綱要》要求(qiu)“十(shi)一(yi)五(wu)(wu)”期間主要污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)化學需氧(yang)量(liang)和(he)(he)二氧(yang)化硫排(pai)放總量(liang)減少10%,并明確(que)規(gui)定主要污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)減排(pai)指(zhi)標(biao)作(zuo)為(wei)經濟社會發(fa)展的(de)(de)約(yue)束性指(zhi)標(biao)。為(wei)實現“十(shi)一(yi)五(wu)(wu)”規(gui)劃(hua)綱要的(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)減排(pai)目(mu)標(biao),國(guo)家(jia)環(huan)境(jing)保護總局提出(chu)了(le)加快污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)減排(pai)、監測和(he)(he)考核體系的(de)(de)建設,在(zai)國(guo)控(kong)(kong)重點(dian)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)監控(kong)(kong)、污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)監督性監測、環(huan)境(jing)監察(cha)執(zhi)法、基層(ceng)環(huan)境(jing)統計等方面提高(gao)能力,并得到(dao)了(le)財(cai)政(zheng)部和(he)(he)發(fa)改委的(de)(de)大力支(zhi)持。國(guo)控(kong)(kong)重點(dian)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)監控(kong)(kong)是指(zhi):在(zai)占(zhan)全國(guo)主要污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)工業(ye)排(pai)放負荷65%以上的(de)(de)企業(ye)以及城市(shi)污(wu)(wu)水處理廠均(jun)要實現在(zai)線自(zi)(zi)動(dong)監測和(he)(he)數據實時上傳。屬于(yu)上述范圍的(de)(de)總共約(yue)有7000家(jia)企業(ye),計劃(hua)在(zai)2008年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)底前完成。
2011年新頒布的(de)《中(zhong)華人(ren)民共和(he)國國民經濟(ji)和(he)社(she)會(hui)發展(zhan)第十二個五年規(gui)劃(hua)綱要(yao)(yao)》提出“加(jia)(jia)大環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)力(li)度(du)。以解決飲用水(shui)不安(an)全和(he)空氣、土(tu)壤污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)等損害群眾健(jian)康的(de)突出環(huan)境(jing)問題為重(zhong)點,加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)綜(zong)合(he)治(zhi)理(li),明(ming)顯改善環(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)量。落實減排(pai)目標責任制,強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)減排(pai)和(he)治(zhi)理(li),增加(jia)(jia)主要(yao)(yao)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)總(zong)量控制種(zhong)類(lei),加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)城(cheng)鎮污(wu)(wu)水(shui)、垃(la)圾處(chu)理(li)設(she)施建(jian)(jian)設(she),加(jia)(jia)大重(zhong)點流域水(shui)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)防治(zhi)力(li)度(du),有效控制城(cheng)市大氣、噪聲(sheng)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran),加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)重(zhong)金屬、危(wei)險廢物(wu)(wu)、土(tu)壤污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)治(zhi)理(li),強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)核與輻(fu)射(she)監(jian)(jian)管能力(li)。嚴格污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)排(pai)放(fang)標準和(he)環(huan)境(jing)影響評價,強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)執(zhi)法監(jian)(jian)督,健(jian)全重(zhong)大環(huan)境(jing)事件和(he)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)事故責任追究制度(du)。完善環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)科技和(he)經濟(ji)政策,建(jian)(jian)立健(jian)全污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)者(zhe)付(fu)費(fei)制度(du),建(jian)(jian)立多元環(huan)保(bao)(bao)投融資機制,大力(li)發展(zhan)環(huan)保(bao)(bao)產(chan)業(ye)。”預(yu)計在十二五期(qi)間(jian),環(huan)境(jing)水(shui)質(zhi)在線監(jian)(jian)測(ce)體系的(de)建(jian)(jian)設(she)會(hui)進一步加(jia)(jia)快(kuai),主要(yao)(yao)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)總(zong)量控制種(zhong)類(lei)將有所增加(jia)(jia),監(jian)(jian)測(ce)因(yin)子(zi)增加(jia)(jia)帶動的(de)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)儀(yi)器安(an)裝(zhuang)數(shu)量將快(kuai)速(su)增長,推動環(huan)境(jing)水(shui)質(zhi)在線監(jian)(jian)測(ce)行業(ye)進一步發展(zhan)。
(二)行業監管(guan)體(ti)制
1、《水污(wu)(wu)染(ran)防治法(fa)(fa)》(2008年頒布實施)第二十二條(tiao)明確(que)規(gui)定:向水體排放污(wu)(wu)染(ran)物(wu)的(de)企業(ye)事業(ye)單位和(he)(he)個體工(gong)商戶應當按照(zhao)法(fa)(fa)律、行政(zheng)法(fa)(fa)規(gui)和(he)(he)國(guo)務院環境保護主(zhu)(zhu)管(guan)部門的(de)規(gui)定設(she)置(zhi)排污(wu)(wu)口;設(she)置(zhi)入河排污(wu)(wu)口,還應當遵守國(guo)務院有關(guan)行政(zheng)主(zhu)(zhu)管(guan)部門的(de)規(gui)定。
第二十三條規定:重點(dian)排(pai)污(wu)單位(wei)應當(dang)安裝水(shui)污(wu)染物排(pai)放自動(dong)監(jian)測(ce)設備(bei),與環(huan)境保(bao)護主管(guan)部門(men)的(de)(de)監(jian)控設備(bei)聯網(wang),并保(bao)證監(jian)測(ce)設備(bei)正(zheng)常運行。排(pai)放工業(ye)廢(fei)水(shui)的(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye),應當(dang)對其(qi)所排(pai)放的(de)(de)工業(ye)廢(fei)水(shui)進行監(jian)測(ce),并保(bao)存(cun)原(yuan)始監(jian)測(ce)記錄。具體辦(ban)法(fa)由(you)國務院(yuan)環(huan)境保(bao)護主管(guan)部門(men)規定。
2、《排污(wu)費(fei)征收使用管理條(tiao)(tiao)例(li)》中第十條(tiao)(tiao)明確規(gui)定:排污(wu)者使用國家規(gui)定強制(zhi)檢(jian)定的污(wu)染物(wu)排放自動(dong)監(jian)(jian)控儀(yi)器對污(wu)染物(wu)排放進(jin)行監(jian)(jian)測的,其監(jian)(jian)測數據作(zuo)為核定污(wu)染物(wu)排放種(zhong)類(lei)、數量的依據。
排污(wu)者安(an)裝的污(wu)染物(wu)排放自動監控儀器,應當(dang)依法(fa)定期進行校驗(yan)。
3、《污染源監測(ce)管理辦法(fa)》中第十八條明確規定:國家、省、自治區、直轄市和(he)市環境(jing)保護(hu)局重點控制的排放污染物(wu)單位應安裝自動連續監測(ce)設(she)備,所安裝的監測(ce)設(she)備必須經國家環境(jing)保護(hu)總局質量(liang)檢測(ce)機構的考核(he)認可。
4、“關于加(jia)強(qiang)自動(dong)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)儀器(qi)(qi)(qi)管理及認(ren)定工作(zuo)的通知”中明確(que)規定:為(wei)了(le)確(que)保(bao)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)管理工作(zuo)科學公正(zheng),有(you)效提(ti)高環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)數(shu)(shu)據的準確(que)度和(he)可靠性,國(guo)(guo)家環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護總局(ju)將加(jia)強(qiang)對環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)儀器(qi)(qi)(qi)的管理。為(wei)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)執法管理服務和(he)向社會提(ti)供環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)數(shu)(shu)據的自動(dong)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)儀器(qi)(qi)(qi),必(bi)須符合(he)國(guo)(guo)家環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護總局(ju)制定的環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)規范和(he)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)儀器(qi)(qi)(qi)技術(shu)要(yao)求,經檢測(ce)(ce)合(he)格(ge)、通過認(ren)定并列入合(he)格(ge)產品準入名錄后,方可使用。
5、《淮河和(he)太湖(hu)流域排(pai)放重點(dian)水污染物(wu)許(xu)可(ke)證管理辦法(試行)》中明確規(gui)定:排(pai)污單位必須按(an)照國(guo)家(jia)(jia)環境保護(hu)總局和(he)省級環境保護(hu)行政主管部門的規(gui)定設置規(gui)范的排(pai)污口,按(an)照下列(lie)規(gui)定安裝經國(guo)家(jia)(jia)環境保護(hu)總局認定的污染物(wu)排(pai)放自動監測設備或者(zhe)儀器(qi),并使其按(an)規(gui)范要求正常(chang)運轉。
被市(地(di))級以(yi)上環境(jing)保護行政主管部(bu)門列為重點污(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)的排污(wu)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)或者處于環境(jing)敏感地(di)區的重點排污(wu)單(dan)位(wei)(wei),應當安裝TOC、COD、pH等主要污(wu)染(ran)物在線自動監測儀、污(wu)水流量計、污(wu)染(ran)治理設施運(yun)行記錄(lu)儀。
6、“關于印發(fa)《環境監(jian)測(ce)技術路線》的(de)通知(zhi)”要求:廢(fei)水(shui)排(pai)放量≥5000t/d的(de)污(wu)染源,安(an)裝(zhuang)水(shui)質自動在線監(jian)測(ce)儀,連續自動監(jian)測(ce),隨(sui)時監(jian)控(kong)。電廠(chang)鍋爐必須安(an)裝(zhuang)連續煙氣測(ce)試裝(zhuang)置,隨(sui)時監(jian)控(kong)。監(jian)測(ce)項目為(wei):煙塵、二氧化硫、氮氧化物、黑度。
7、《污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)自(zi)(zi)動監(jian)(jian)控(kong)管理辦法》中明確(que)規(gui)定:本辦法適用于重(zhong)點污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)自(zi)(zi)動監(jian)(jian)控(kong)系(xi)統的監(jian)(jian)督(du)管理。重(zhong)點污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)水污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物、大(da)氣污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物和(he)噪聲排放自(zi)(zi)動監(jian)(jian)控(kong)系(xi)統的建設(she)、管理和(he)運(yun)營維護,必(bi)須遵(zun)守本辦法。
自(zi)動(dong)監控(kong)系(xi)統(tong)經環(huan)(huan)(huan)境保護(hu)部門(men)檢查合(he)格并正常運行(xing)(xing)的,其數據(ju)作為環(huan)(huan)(huan)境保護(hu)部門(men)進行(xing)(xing)排污(wu)(wu)申報核定、排污(wu)(wu)許可證發放、總量控(kong)制、環(huan)(huan)(huan)境統(tong)計(ji)、排污(wu)(wu)費征收(shou)和現場環(huan)(huan)(huan)境執法等環(huan)(huan)(huan)境監督管(guan)理的依(yi)據(ju),并按照有關規定向(xiang)社會公開(kai)。
8、《國家(jia)監(jian)控(kong)企業(ye)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)源自動監(jian)測數(shu)據有效(xiao)性審核辦法》的第二(er)條指(zhi)出:國控(kong)企業(ye)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)源自動監(jian)測數(shu)據有效(xiao)性審核是指(zhi)環保(bao)部門對國控(kong)企業(ye)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)源自動監(jian)測設(she)備定(ding)期(qi)進(jin)行監(jian)督考核,確定(ding)其自動監(jian)測設(she)備正(zheng)常運行。
國控(kong)企業污染源自(zi)動監(jian)測(ce)設備在正常運行狀態下所提供的(de)實時監(jian)測(ce)數(shu)據(ju),即(ji)為通過有(you)效性審核的(de)污染源自(zi)動監(jian)測(ce)數(shu)據(ju)。
第十二條明確(que)規定(ding):責任環保部門依據《國(guo)家重點(dian)監控企業(ye)污(wu)染(ran)源自(zi)(zi)動(dong)監測(ce)設(she)備監督考核(he)(he)規程》,對國(guo)控企業(ye)污(wu)染(ran)源自(zi)(zi)動(dong)監測(ce)設(she)備日常運(yun)行(xing)每季度考核(he)(he)一次(ci),并將考核(he)(he)結(jie)果通(tong)知國(guo)控企業(ye)。
對(dui)國控企業(ye)污染源新(xin)安裝驗收(shou)合格的(de)自(zi)動監測設備,運行(xing)一個季度后,必須進(jin)行(xing)監督考核。
三、 環境水質在線監測儀器市場現狀及發展前景
(一)市場格局
我國(guo)(guo)(guo)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)水(shui)質(zhi)監測(ce)(ce)儀(yi)(yi)(yi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)以(yi)往主要依(yi)賴進口,從2000年開始,成熟的(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)產(chan)化(hua)設備才開始在(zai)(zai)(zai)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)范圍(wei)內大規(gui)模推廣(guang)。我國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)水(shui)質(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)線(xian)監測(ce)(ce)儀(yi)(yi)(yi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)廠家(jia)主要以(yi)民營為(wei)主,在(zai)(zai)(zai)成長初期,規(gui)模普(pu)遍偏小,技(ji)術不(bu)夠成熟,儀(yi)(yi)(yi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)可靠性、穩定性不(bu)足(zu),難以(yi)滿足(zu)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)復雜的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)體(ti)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)和(he)日益多樣化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)污染(ran)物監測(ce)(ce)需求。市場(chang)(chang)整體(ti)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)集(ji)中(zhong)度不(bu)高、區域分割嚴(yan)重、單一企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)所(suo)占市場(chang)(chang)份(fen)額不(bu)大等(deng)問題(ti)。隨著國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)對環(huan)(huan)保產(chan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)重視和(he)水(shui)質(zhi)自動監測(ce)(ce)網絡(luo)體(ti)系的(de)(de)(de)建立,環(huan)(huan)境(jing)水(shui)質(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)線(xian)監測(ce)(ce)儀(yi)(yi)(yi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)廠家(jia)數量迅(xun)速增長,部分具備自主研發實力的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)發展壯大起(qi)來,成為(wei)與國(guo)(guo)(guo)外知名品牌(pai)如美國(guo)(guo)(guo)哈希(xi)、日本島津(jin)等(deng)相抗衡(heng)的(de)(de)(de)儀(yi)(yi)(yi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)生產(chan)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)。根據中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)環(huan)(huan)保產(chan)業(ye)(ye)協會統計(ji)數據,我國(guo)(guo)(guo)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)水(shui)質(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)線(xian)監測(ce)(ce)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)2004年有(you)(you)30家(jia),2009年增加到(dao)100家(jia),增幅達到(dao)233%,并(bing)誕生了如聚光(guang)科技(ji)(杭(hang)(hang)州(zhou))股份(fen)有(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)、河(he)北先(xian)河(he)環(huan)(huan)保股份(fen)有(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)、廣(guang)州(zhou)市怡文環(huan)(huan)境(jing)科技(ji)股份(fen)有(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)、宇星科技(ji)(深圳(zhen))有(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)等(deng)業(ye)(ye)內領先(xian)的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)。其中(zhong),河(he)北先(xian)河(he)環(huan)(huan)保股份(fen)有(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)已登錄A股市場(chang)(chang),成為(wei)業(ye)(ye)內為(wei)數不(bu)多的(de)(de)(de)上(shang)市公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si),聚光(guang)科技(ji)(杭(hang)(hang)州(zhou))股份(fen)有(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)亦準備掛牌(pai)上(shang)市。
根(gen)據(ju)環(huan)(huan)保產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)協會數據(ju),2009年(nian),廢水(shui)污染源在(zai)(zai)(zai)線(xian)(xian)(xian)監(jian)測行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)規模(mo)6.8億元。2009年(nian),地表水(shui)質在(zai)(zai)(zai)線(xian)(xian)(xian)監(jian)測行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)規模(mo)3.64億元。整個(ge)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)水(shui)質在(zai)(zai)(zai)線(xian)(xian)(xian)監(jian)測行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)規模(mo)10.44億元。根(gen)據(ju)聚光科技(ji)(ji)(杭州(zhou))股份(fen)有(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司和(he)河(he)北先(xian)河(he)環(huan)(huan)保股份(fen)有(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司公(gong)(gong)(gong)開披露的(de)(de)(de)(de)資料,2009年(nian),聚光科技(ji)(ji)(杭州(zhou))股份(fen)有(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司的(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)水(shui)質在(zai)(zai)(zai)線(xian)(xian)(xian)監(jian)測系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)營(ying)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)收入(ru)為3,912萬(wan)元,河(he)北先(xian)河(he)環(huan)(huan)保股份(fen)有(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司的(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)水(shui)質在(zai)(zai)(zai)線(xian)(xian)(xian)監(jian)測系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)營(ying)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)收入(ru)為2,012萬(wan)元。據(ju)此(ci)(ci)計算,環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)水(shui)質在(zai)(zai)(zai)線(xian)(xian)(xian)監(jian)測儀(yi)器市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)中(zhong),聚光科技(ji)(ji)(杭州(zhou))股份(fen)有(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司的(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)份(fen)額為3.75%,河(he)北先(xian)河(he)環(huan)(huan)保股份(fen)有(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司的(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)份(fen)額為1.93%。由此(ci)(ci)可(ke)(ke)見,業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)內企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)仍在(zai)(zai)(zai)積極(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)跑馬圈地過程中(zhong),單一企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)所占的(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)份(fen)額不大(da),市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)集中(zhong)度仍然不高。可(ke)(ke)以預見,隨(sui)著市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)快速增(zeng)長,具備自(zi)主研發優勢和(he)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)拓展能力的(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)將(jiang)占據(ju)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)制高點,更(geng)快速的(de)(de)(de)(de)占領市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)份(fen)額,做大(da)做強。
(二)市(shi)場現有規模及發展前景
環境水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)分為廢水(shui)(shui)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)在(zai)線(xian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)和地(di)表水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)線(xian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)。其中廢水(shui)(shui)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)是對按排污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)量核定的(de)國控(kong)(kong)、省控(kong)(kong)、市(shi)控(kong)(kong)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)企(qi)業(ye)(如重點污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)行業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)、城(cheng)市(shi)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)廠等)排放的(de)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)物中的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)因子進行測(ce)定,主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)管(guan)理(li)部(bu)門(men)為環境保護(hu)部(bu);地(di)表水(shui)(shui)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)針對河流斷面(mian)、飲用(yong)水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)地(di)、湖泊(bo)、水(shui)(shui)庫等的(de)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)進行監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce),主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)管(guan)理(li)部(bu)門(men)有環境保護(hu)部(bu)、水(shui)(shui)利(li)部(bu)。另外,涉及(ji)城(cheng)市(shi)水(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)利(li)用(yong)和監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)的(de)還有住房與城(cheng)鄉建設部(bu)。近海海域水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)的(de)則主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)由海洋部(bu)管(guan)理(li)。
1、廢水污染源(yuan)在線(xian)監測市場
根據環(huan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)部發布的(de)《2010年(nian)(nian)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)企業(ye)名單》,2010年(nian)(nian)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)企業(ye)6,361家(jia)(jia),其中污(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)處理重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)企業(ye)1,814 家(jia)(jia)。根據2008-2010年(nian)(nian)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)各(ge)省環(huan)境統計公報披露(lu)的(de)廢水(shui)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)企業(ye)數據整理可得,截至2010年(nian)(nian)末,省控(kong)(kong)(kong)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)約3,629家(jia)(jia)、市控(kong)(kong)(kong)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)約11,580家(jia)(jia)。2007年(nian)(nian)初,國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)環(huan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)總(zong)局(ju)為加快污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)減排(pai)指(zhi)標體系(xi)、監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)體系(xi)和考核體系(xi)(簡稱(cheng)“三大(da)體系(xi)”)的(de)建(jian)設,啟(qi)動(dong)了(le)國(guo)(guo)控(kong)(kong)(kong)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)自(zi)動(dong)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)統建(jian)設項目,要求(qiu)國(guo)(guo)控(kong)(kong)(kong)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)必須在(zai)(zai)2008年(nian)(nian)底前完成在(zai)(zai)線自(zi)動(dong)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)系(xi)統的(de)安(an)裝和驗收(shou),以確(que)保(bao)(bao)(bao)主(zhu)要污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物排(pai)放總(zong)量的(de)核定。因此(ci),2008年(nian)(nian)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)在(zai)(zai)線自(zi)動(dong)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)系(xi)統的(de)安(an)裝量突破了(le)1萬臺(套),達到(dao)歷史最高水(shui)平。2009年(nian)(nian)開(kai)始(shi),各(ge)地(di)環(huan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)部門也陸續(xu)開(kai)始(shi)針對本地(di)區(qu)省控(kong)(kong)(kong)、市控(kong)(kong)(kong)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)企業(ye)安(an)裝在(zai)(zai)線監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)系(xi)統,以加強地(di)區(qu)排(pai)污(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)力度,相關監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)因子監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)儀(yi)器(主(zhu)要為COD在(zai)(zai)線監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)儀(yi))的(de)安(an)裝數量進一步攀升。
根據(ju)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)環(huan)境保護產(chan)(chan)業(ye)協(xie)會(hui)環(huan)境監(jian)測(ce)儀(yi)(yi)器專業(ye)委員會(hui)發布(bu)的《我國(guo)(guo)環(huan)境監(jian)測(ce)儀(yi)(yi)器行業(ye)2009 年(nian)發展綜述》,2009年(nian),廢水污染源在線(xian)(xian)監(jian)測(ce)設備實現產(chan)(chan)值約6.8億元。廢水污染源在線(xian)(xian)監(jian)測(ce)市場(chang)主要從COD在線(xian)(xian)監(jian)測(ce)儀(yi)(yi)器安(an)(an)裝起步,過去(qu)十(shi)年(nian)經歷(li)了(le)快速(su)的增長。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)環(huan)保產(chan)(chan)業(ye)協(xie)會(hui)的統(tong)計數據(ju)表明,2008 年(nian),全(quan)國(guo)(guo)COD 在線(xian)(xian)監(jian)測(ce)系統(tong)產(chan)(chan)值達68,276 萬元。2009 年(nian),全(quan)國(guo)(guo)COD 在線(xian)(xian)監(jian)測(ce)系統(tong)產(chan)(chan)值達68,000 萬元。其中(zhong),受到2008年(nian)席卷全(quan)球的金融危機(ji)影(ying)響,各地環(huan)保局在線(xian)(xian)監(jian)測(ce)儀(yi)(yi)器安(an)(an)裝的推進速(su)度和污染源企業(ye)安(an)(an)裝儀(yi)(yi)器的積極性受到較大影(ying)響,對市場(chang)造成一定的影(ying)響。下圖反映了(le)2000 年(nian)以(yi)來COD 在線(xian)(xian)監(jian)測(ce)系統(tong)產(chan)(chan)值的增長情況:
根據中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)工控(kong)網的(de)(de)統(tong)計(ji)(ji)(ji)資料顯示(shi),目(mu)前(qian)全國(guo)廢水污染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)監測系統(tong)的(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)保(bao)(bao)有量在(zai)1.8萬套(tao)以上,以每套(tao)系統(tong)的(de)(de)壽命(ming)5年計(ji)(ji)(ji)算。隨著數(shu)(shu)據有效(xiao)性審查的(de)(de)開(kai)展,早期安裝的(de)(de)監測系統(tong)面臨(lin)老化、監測數(shu)(shu)據不準確、儀(yi)(yi)(yi)器(qi)不穩定等問題,需要進行(xing)更換(huan)而產生(sheng)的(de)(de)需求量,以及儀(yi)(yi)(yi)器(qi)本身的(de)(de)更新換(huan)代,預(yu)計(ji)(ji)(ji)2010年廢水污染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)監測系統(tong)的(de)(de)更換(huan)數(shu)(shu)量將(jiang)超(chao)過(guo)3000臺(tai),并呈逐年上升的(de)(de)態(tai)勢(shi)。從中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)工控(kong)網的(de)(de)統(tong)計(ji)(ji)(ji)數(shu)(shu)據看,度(du)過(guo)金融危機的(de)(de)影響后,廢水污染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)在(zai)線監測儀(yi)(yi)(yi)器(qi)的(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)仍保(bao)(bao)持了較(jiao)快的(de)(de)增長速度(du),到2010年該細分市(shi)場(chang)的(de)(de)規模將(jiang)達10.68億(yi)元。
2010年,廢水污染源在線(xian)監測儀器細分市場容量具體(ti)如下:
目標市場 | 在線監測參數 | 市場容量(億元) |
污水處理行業 | COD,氨氮,PH,溶解氧,流量,濁度、水位 | 4.50 |
化工行業 | COD,氨氮,PH,溶解氧,流量,濁度、水位 | 1.30 |
造紙行業 | COD,流量,懸浮物 | 0.90 |
鋼鐵行業 | COD、pH和流量 | 1.00 |
制藥行業 | COD、pH和流量 | 0.80 |
石油化工行業 | pH、電導、溶解氧、COD、水中油、氨氮 | 1.50 |
醫療行業 | COD、氨氮、余氯、大腸桿菌數 | 0.18 |
釀造行業 | COD、氨氮、流量 | 0.50 |
合計 | 10.68 |
數據(ju)來源:中國工(gong)控(kong)網
根(gen)據(ju)中國工(gong)控網數據(ju),2010年(nian),污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)(yuan)在線監(jian)測(ce)儀(yi)器(qi)的(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)規模(mo)為10.68億元。隨著“十二(er)五”規劃帶動監(jian)測(ce)因(yin)子數量增加(jia)、推動水(shui)質在線監(jian)測(ce)儀(yi)器(qi)安裝的(de)(de)省份增加(jia)、市(shi)(shi)(shi)控污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)(yuan)企業市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)啟動,廢水(shui)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)(yuan)在線監(jian)測(ce)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)將(jiang)快速(su)增長。預計2010年(nian)至2013年(nian)該細分(fen)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)平均增長率將(jiang)達27.88%,2010-2013年(nian)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)(yuan)在線監(jian)測(ce)儀(yi)器(qi)細分(fen)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)容量預計增長如下:
單位:萬元
年份 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 |
市場容量 | 106,800 | 130,352 | 183,000 | 223,356 |
數據來源:根據中國(guo)工控(kong)網(wang)數據整理、統計(ji)
2、地表水(shui)質在(zai)線監測市(shi)場
據2009年環境狀況公報統計(ji),長江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、黃河(he)、珠江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、松(song)花江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、淮(huai)河(he)、海(hai)河(he)和遼(liao)河(he)七大(da)水(shui)(shui)系總(zong)體為(wei)(wei)(wei)輕(qing)度污(wu)(wu)染(ran)。203條河(he)流(liu)408個地表水(shui)(shui)國控監測斷面中,Ⅰ~Ⅲ類、Ⅳ~Ⅴ類和劣Ⅴ類水(shui)(shui)質的斷面比例分別(bie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)57.30%、24.30%和18.40%。主要(yao)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)指標為(wei)(wei)(wei)高錳酸鹽(yan)指數、五日(ri)生化需(xu)氧量和氨氮。其中,珠江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、長江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)質良好,松(song)花江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、淮(huai)河(he)為(wei)(wei)(wei)輕(qing)度污(wu)(wu)染(ran),黃河(he)、遼(liao)河(he)為(wei)(wei)(wei)中度污(wu)(wu)染(ran),海(hai)河(he)為(wei)(wei)(wei)重度污(wu)(wu)染(ran)。
中(zhong)國社會科學院環(huan)境與發展研究(jiu)中(zhong)心(xin)副主任鄭易生(sheng)指出,中(zhong)國發布(bu)(bu)的(de)各種水(shui)(shui)環(huan)境質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)檢測(ce)報告,由于受(shou)布(bu)(bu)點(dian)數(shu)量(liang)(liang)和(he)布(bu)(bu)點(dian)區域的(de)限制,“并(bing)不能充(chong)分、真實地反映國內水(shui)(shui)污(wu)染現狀”。目(mu)前(qian)(qian)國家環(huan)保總局設置的(de)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)監測(ce)斷(duan)面,基本上分布(bu)(bu)在水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)充(chong)沛、監管相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)嚴格的(de)大江大河(he)或主要水(shui)(shui)系的(de)干流,對(dui)(dui)于支(zhi)流的(de)監測(ce)幾乎屬于空白領(ling)域。在小城鎮以(yi)及廣大農(nong)村地區,實際的(de)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)排(pai)放量(liang)(liang)以(yi)及支(zhi)流、內河(he)的(de)受(shou)污(wu)染程度,很可能要比目(mu)前(qian)(qian)公布(bu)(bu)的(de)數(shu)字更(geng)為嚴重(zhong)(zhong)。目(mu)前(qian)(qian)的(de)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)監測(ce)現狀揭示了中(zhong)國水(shui)(shui)污(wu)染的(de)嚴重(zhong)(zhong)程度和(he)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)監測(ce)的(de)建設落后程度。因(yin)此,治理水(shui)(shui)污(wu)染,必(bi)須(xu)先(xian)做好水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)監測(ce)。
近年(nian)來(lai),水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)自(zi)動(dong)監(jian)測(ce)技術在許多國(guo)家地(di)表水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)監(jian)測(ce)中得(de)到了廣泛的應用,我國(guo)的水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)自(zi)動(dong)監(jian)測(ce)站(zhan)的建設也(ye)取得(de)了較(jiao)大的進展。根據《2008年(nian)全國(guo)環(huan)境統計公(gong)報》,全國(guo)地(di)表水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)監(jian)測(ce)斷面(mian)數9,635個(ge),近岸(an)海域監(jian)測(ce)點(dian)(dian)位1,203個(ge),開(kai)展飲用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源地(di)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)監(jian)測(ce)的城市數1,021個(ge)。根據2007-2009年(nian)《中國(guo)環(huan)境狀況(kuang)公(gong)報》統計顯示(shi),全國(guo)主要河流、湖泊、重點(dian)(dian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利工程(cheng)地(di)表水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)國(guo)控監(jian)控斷面(mian),2007年(nian)為(wei)(wei)569個(ge),2008年(nian)為(wei)(wei)571個(ge),2009年(nian)為(wei)(wei)633個(ge)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利部門(men)近年(nian)來(lai)也(ye)開(kai)始重視水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)監(jian)測(ce)工作(zuo),逐步建立起(qi)覆蓋(gai)全國(guo)的水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)監(jian)測(ce)網絡(luo)體(ti)系。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利系統的水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)監(jian)測(ce)工作(zuo)主要與(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文(wen)站(zhan)相(xiang)結合,對定點(dian)(dian)流域的水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文(wen)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)情況(kuang)同時進行監(jian)控。
根據中(zhong)國(guo)工控網的預計,2010年,地(di)表(biao)水質監測儀(yi)器的市(shi)場(chang)規(gui)模為5.72億元。2010 年地(di)表(biao)水質在線(xian)監測系統的細分市(shi)場(chang)容量如下:
目標市場 | 在線監測參數 | 市場容量(億元) |
環保部門 | 高錳酸鉀指數、氨氮、五參數、總磷、總氮、TOC | 1.8 |
水利部門 | COD,氨氮,TOC、五參數 | 0.6 |
自來水廠(水源監測) | 五參數、氨氮、COD、和葉綠素(便攜式) | 2.5 |
市政管網監測 | 在線濁度、余氯和壓力 | 0.2 |
其它生產過程 | 濁度、余氯、pH、水位 | 0.5 |
其它行業 | 水溫、水位、鹽度、波浪等 | 0.12 |
合計 | 5.72 |
數據來源:中國工控(kong)網
整體而(er)言,地(di)表水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)的在線(xian)(xian)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)仍處于(yu)初步啟動(dong)的階段(duan),受環保部(bu)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)站(zhan)數(shu)量增加和水(shui)(shui)利部(bu)門進一步推動(dong)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)工作的影響(xiang),該市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)將(jiang)快速增長,預計該細(xi)分市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)會是環境水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)在線(xian)(xian)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)增長的亮點。預計2010-2013年間,地(di)表水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)在線(xian)(xian)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)儀器市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)的年均(jun)增長率約為22.90%,2010-2013年地(di)表水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)在線(xian)(xian)監(jian)儀器細(xi)分市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)容量預計增長如下:
單位:萬元
年份 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 |
市場容量 | 57,200 | 69,814 | 87,000 | 106,185 |
數據(ju)來源:根(gen)據(ju)中國(guo)工(gong)控網數據(ju)整理、統計(ji)
綜合污(wu)染源(yuan)及地表水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)在(zai)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)市(shi)(shi)場的(de)數(shu)據來看(kan),2010年(nian)廢水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)污(wu)染源(yuan)在(zai)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)系統(tong)細(xi)(xi)分行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)的(de)市(shi)(shi)場規模為10.68億元(yuan)(yuan),地表水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)系統(tong)細(xi)(xi)分行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)的(de)市(shi)(shi)場規模為5.72億元(yuan)(yuan),環境水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)系統(tong)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)的(de)總體(ti)市(shi)(shi)場規模達(da)(da)16.40億元(yuan)(yuan)。預計(ji)到(dao)2013年(nian),廢水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)污(wu)染源(yuan)在(zai)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)系統(tong)細(xi)(xi)分行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)的(de)市(shi)(shi)場規模為22.34億元(yuan)(yuan),地表水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)系統(tong)細(xi)(xi)分行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)的(de)市(shi)(shi)場規模為10.62億元(yuan)(yuan),環境水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)系統(tong)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)的(de)總體(ti)市(shi)(shi)場規模達(da)(da)32.96億元(yuan)(yuan)。2010年(nian)至(zhi)2013年(nian),環境水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)平(ping)均增(zeng)長率(lv)為26.19%。
“十二五” 期(qi)間(jian),隨(sui)著(zhu)環保執法力度的繼(ji)續增大和配(pei)套環境水(shui)質在線監(jian)測法律法規的相繼(ji)出臺,環境水(shui)質在線監(jian)測系統的需求將趨于(yu)旺盛,中國環境水(shui)質在線監(jian)測市(shi)場(chang)將實現(xian)快速發展,市(shi)場(chang)潛力巨大。