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國家(jia)環境(jing)監管能力建設(she)“十(shi)二五”規(gui)劃(hua)發布

投資四百億提升環境監管能力

　　中(zhong)國環(huan)境(jing)報訊環(huan)境(jing)保護部、國家發展改革委、財政部近(jin)日(ri)聯合(he)印(yin)發《國家環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)管(guan)能力(li)建(jian)設“十二五”規劃》（以(yi)下簡稱《規劃》），以(yi)總量(liang)減排、質量(liang)改善、風險防范、基礎(chu)完善為(wei)著力(li)點，在(zai)環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測(ce)、監(jian)察、預警(jing)、應急、信息、評估、統計(ji)、科技、宣教(jiao)等領域開展能力(li)建(jian)設，切(qie)實(shi)加(jia)強環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)管(guan)能力(li)。

　　《規(gui)劃(hua)》提(ti)出，環(huan)境(jing)監管(guan)(guan)是環(huan)境(jing)管(guan)(guan)理(li)的重要(yao)組成部分，是實現環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護目(mu)標(biao)(biao)的重要(yao)保(bao)障，是推進環(huan)境(jing)基本(ben)公共服務均等(deng)化(hua)的重要(yao)內容。圍繞環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護“總量減排、質量改(gai)善(shan)、風險防范、均衡發展”目(mu)標(biao)(biao)要(yao)求，在污(wu)染源(yuan)與(yu)總量減排監管(guan)(guan)能(neng)(neng)力全面(mian)提(ti)高、環(huan)境(jing)質量監測與(yu)評(ping)估考核能(neng)(neng)力顯著提(ti)升、環(huan)境(jing)預警與(yu)應急能(neng)(neng)力系統(tong)加強、環(huan)境(jing)綜合監督(du)管(guan)(guan)理(li)基礎設(she)施(shi)基本(ben)完善(shan)等(deng)4個(ge)方面(mian)提(ti)出環(huan)境(jing)監管(guan)(guan)能(neng)(neng)力建設(she)的目(mu)標(biao)(biao)。

　　《規(gui)(gui)劃》明(ming)確，到(dao)(dao)(dao)2015年，全(quan)(quan)國縣級(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)察機(ji)構裝備(bei)達(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)(biao)率(lv)(lv)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)85%，地(di)(di)市級(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)90%，省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)95%。機(ji)動車(che)、污染源監(jian)(jian)管(guan)、科技支撐(cheng)和統計能(neng)(neng)力顯著增強(qiang)。全(quan)(quan)國縣級(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)站基(ji)本(ben)設備(bei)配置(zhi)達(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)(biao)率(lv)(lv)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)90%，地(di)(di)市級(ji)(ji)站基(ji)本(ben)實(shi)現標(biao)(biao)(biao)準化(hua)(hua)，省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)站全(quan)(quan)部達(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)(biao)。中央(yang)本(ben)級(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)能(neng)(neng)力顯著加強(qiang)。重(zhong)金屬、危險廢物(wu)、危險化(hua)(hua)學品(pin)、放射性(xing)物(wu)質等污染事件防范水平(ping)顯著提高(gao)。地(di)(di)市級(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)站具(ju)備(bei)較(jiao)強(qiang)的(de)應急監(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)能(neng)(neng)力，省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)站基(ji)本(ben)具(ju)備(bei)預警監(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)能(neng)(neng)力。地(di)(di)市級(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應急管(guan)理機(ji)構二(er)級(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)(biao)率(lv)(lv)達(da)(da)70%以上，省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)機(ji)構二(er)級(ji)(ji)達(da)(da)標(biao)(biao)(biao)率(lv)(lv)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)100%。國家、省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)輻(fu)射環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)能(neng)(neng)力達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準化(hua)(hua)要(yao)求，初步具(ju)備(bei)相對獨(du)立、較(jiao)為完(wan)整的(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)分析(xi)評價、校核計算和實(shi)驗驗證能(neng)(neng)力，核與輻(fu)射安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)力與核事業(ye)發展同步提高(gao)。建成一批市、縣環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)業(ye)務用(yong)房。建設國家環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)規(gui)(gui)劃與工程評估、華(hua)北環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)督(du)查(cha)中心綜(zong)合(he)業(ye)務用(yong)房與國家核與輻(fu)射安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)技術研發基(ji)地(di)(di)，基(ji)本(ben)建成6個(ge)區域性(xing)核與輻(fu)射安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)監(jian)(jian)督(du)站業(ye)務用(yong)房。地(di)(di)市以上環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)信息與宣(xuan)教機(ji)構設備(bei)配置(zhi)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準化(hua)(hua)要(yao)求。

　　《規劃》要求，一(yi)是(shi)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染源與(yu)(yu)(yu)總量(liang)(liang)減排監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)水平。加強(qiang)(qiang)現場(chang)執法裝備配置(zhi)，落(luo)(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察執法能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)與(yu)(yu)(yu)驗(yan)收工(gong)作；完善污(wu)(wu)(wu)染源自(zi)動監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)網(wang)絡，落(luo)(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)中心與(yu)(yu)(yu)重(zhong)(zhong)點行業監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)；強(qiang)(qiang)化污(wu)(wu)(wu)染源監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)性監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測與(yu)(yu)(yu)數據質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)控(kong)制(zhi)，促進自(zi)動監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控(kong)數據應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)；啟(qi)動機動車與(yu)(yu)(yu)農業面源環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，拓展污(wu)(wu)(wu)染源監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)領(ling)域(yu)；加強(qiang)(qiang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)統計(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)統計(ji)對(dui)(dui)總量(liang)(liang)減排等(deng)重(zhong)(zhong)點工(gong)作支撐能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)；夯實(shi)(shi)(shi)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)信(xin)息(xi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)基(ji)礎(chu)，推進物(wu)(wu)聯網(wang)在污(wu)(wu)(wu)染減排中的(de)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)。二是(shi)提(ti)(ti)高環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測與(yu)(yu)(yu)評(ping)估考核(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。填(tian)平補齊，繼(ji)續(xu)推進環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測標準化建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)；提(ti)(ti)高空氣、揮發性有機物(wu)(wu)、重(zhong)(zhong)金(jin)屬等(deng)新增指標的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)；優化完善國家環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測網(wang)；利用(yong)衛星(xing)遙感和(he)地面監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測手段，開展生態環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測評(ping)價；完善環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)考核(he)(he)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)施環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)考核(he)(he)。三是(shi)加強(qiang)(qiang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)預(yu)警與(yu)(yu)(yu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)急能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)。提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)風險(xian)(xian)管(guan)理(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)；加強(qiang)(qiang)核(he)(he)與(yu)(yu)(yu)輻(fu)射(she)安全(quan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，形成相對(dui)(dui)獨立、較為(wei)完整的(de)核(he)(he)與(yu)(yu)(yu)輻(fu)射(she)安全(quan)分析評(ping)價、校核(he)(he)計(ji)算和(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)驗(yan)證能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)；提(ti)(ti)高重(zhong)(zhong)金(jin)屬、危(wei)險(xian)(xian)廢物(wu)(wu)及危(wei)險(xian)(xian)化學品風險(xian)(xian)防(fang)范能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)現對(dui)(dui)危(wei)險(xian)(xian)廢物(wu)(wu)和(he)危(wei)險(xian)(xian)化學品等(deng)處(chu)置(zhi)、運輸和(he)轉移(yi)的(de)全(quan)面監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)；建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)預(yu)警網(wang)絡，建(jian)(jian)(jian)立環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)(ying)急指揮系(xi)(xi)統和(he)平臺(tai)網(wang)絡，加強(qiang)(qiang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)(ying)急響(xiang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)和(he)應(ying)(ying)(ying)急技(ji)術(shu)支撐能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。四是(shi)夯實(shi)(shi)(shi)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)綜合(he)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)管(guan)理(li)基(ji)礎(chu)，推進環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)綜合(he)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)管(guan)理(li)基(ji)礎(chu)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)。

　　《規劃(hua)》指出，結(jie)合四大(da)領域任務(wu)，實施(shi)基礎、保(bao)障(zhang)、人才等三大(da)工程(cheng)，規劃(hua)總(zong)投資400億元(yuan)。基礎工程(cheng)包(bao)括(kuo)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監測(ce)、監察、應急(ji)、信(xin)(xin)息、評估(gu)、宣(xuan)教等能(neng)(neng)力建(jian)設和標(biao)準化建(jian)設、新增主要污染物監管(guan)能(neng)(neng)力建(jian)設等10項。保(bao)障(zhang)工程(cheng)包(bao)括(kuo)污染源與(yu)總(zong)量減排(pai)監管(guan)運(yun)行(xing)保(bao)障(zhang)、環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監測(ce)與(yu)評估(gu)運(yun)行(xing)保(bao)障(zhang)等4項。人才工程(cheng)包(bao)括(kuo)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監測(ce)、監察、應急(ji)、信(xin)(xin)息、評估(gu)、宣(xuan)教等8項。全面(mian)提升環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監管(guan)能(neng)(neng)力，為(wei)實現“十二五”環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護目標(biao)、建(jian)設生態文明提供(gong)有力保(bao)障(zhang)。

　　為確保(bao)順利實施，《規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)》要求，切實加強組織(zhi)領導，全面(mian)推進規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)實施。統(tong)籌國(guo)家與(yu)地方環(huan)境保(bao)護規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、各(ge)(ge)專項(xiang)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)與(yu)《規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)》的(de)銜接、配套，建立并(bing)完善項(xiang)目(mu)庫，提高項(xiang)目(mu)儲(chu)備能力(li)。明確中(zhong)央與(yu)地方事權(quan)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)分，將環(huan)境監管(guan)能力(li)建設和運(yun)行費用(yong)納入各(ge)(ge)級財(cai)政(zheng)預(yu)算予(yu)以重點保(bao)障(zhang)，確保(bao)資金(jin)到(dao)位。加強項(xiang)目(mu)資金(jin)監管(guan)，實施項(xiang)目(mu)績效(xiao)評(ping)估(gu)，提高資金(jin)使用(yong)效(xiao)益。加強環(huan)境監管(guan)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)隊伍建設，實施人(ren)(ren)才(cai)體制(zhi)機制(zhi)創新，提升(sheng)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)發展(zhan)的(de)基礎(chu)保(bao)障(zhang)能力(li)。建立健全規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)實施定期(qi)通(tong)報和評(ping)估(gu)制(zhi)度，適時對(dui)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)執行情況(kuang)進行期(qi)末評(ping)估(gu)。

 來源（中國環境報）